Investigating sleep quality and related factors in adolescents in Bushehr in 2020

Sleep disorders are a serious threat to adolescent academic achievement and health. Understanding the prevalence of these disorders and related factors is essential in determining public health policies and counseling families. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the quality of sleep and its related factors in adolescents in Bushehr in 2020.

In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 851 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years in Bushehr were studied. Sampling was done randomly from all secondary and non-governmental high schools in Bushehr for boys and girls. Data collection tools included a demographic profile form and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Significance level was considered less than 0.05 in all cases.

In 597 students (70.2%) the quality of sleep was inadequate and most of them (44%) had delayed sleep disorders. The average weekly hours of digital device use was 24.15 (24.01) hours. 74.7% of students preferred to use digital devices to sleep at least one night a week. Students who preferred to use digital devices more than 4 nights a week to sleep, as well as students who used cell phones more per week, had poorer sleep quality. Also, the girl's gender was directly related to poor sleep quality. Taken together, these variables explained 20.4 to 27.2% of the changes in sleep quality and the tested model was statistically significant. (Chi-square =181/629, P value<0.001).

The results of this study highlight the need to pay more attention to sleep hygiene in adolescents and increase the supervision of parents and school officials over the use and extent of electronic devices and mobile phones by adolescents and also, highlight preventive measures in this area.