Spatial analysis of resilience against natural hazards with an emphasis on floods The Case study of districts of district one of Tehran city

Flood risk is a multidimensional concept related to uncertainty and complexity. In urban areas, flood risk assessment is still challenging because flood risk analysis is usually not conducted in the combination of social and economic impacts, but exclusively in assessing economic damages that can be measured financially. Flood management involves reducing the effects and risks, but eliminating the effects and risks is almost impossible. The reason for this is our financial limitations and limited knowledge of us humans. One of the ways to reduce the effects of risks is resilience. Based on this, the main goal of this research is to identify the spatial distribution of the state of strength in the districts of the first district of Tehran. Therefore, to achieve the goal, the fuzzy method was used in GIS software. The results of the final index of resilience show that the first region, especially the south and the centre, had the best conditions. Areas 4 and 5 also had suitable conditions in their vicinity, but in comparison with the area, their area was less than one level in the category with suitable conditions. In general, these three regions (1, 4 and 5) formed a continuous pole. After District 1, District 6 had the best situation. Unlike area 1, the influence area of this area does not form a continuous area in other areas and only includes the area of area 6. Also, in general, the western areas (2, 3, 7 and 8) were somewhat worse than the eastern areas