Application of gray wolf multi-objective algorithm in optimal operation of dam reservoirs in low water areas

In this research, the simulation-optimization method was used with the integration of the WEAP simulator model and the multi-objective gray wolf optimization algorithm (MOGWO) for the optimal exploitation of the Dez Dam water resource systems. The main goal in this structure is to provide a solution in which, based on the resources and costs of the region, in addition to reducing the penalty due to the violation of the authorized capacities of the reservoir, the percentage of meeting the needs of various uses in the entire period, especially in the dry months, will also increase. The results showed that in the reference scenario, in many dry years, the percentage of meeting the demand in critical and low water months was close to zero. This will create instability in the system and create irreparable economic losses and will have many social consequences. Optimizing the system based on the proposed structure in this research has improved the percentage of demand supply in critical months so that the minimum percentage of demand supply in these months reaches 30% and there is no month with zero demand supply percentage. The proposed model in this research can lead to better management of the reservoir in dry areas by taking into account the allowed capacities of the reservoir with optimal release of flow in high water seasons and storing part of the flow in the reservoir and releasing it in low water seasons.