Extraction of Curcumin by Ultrasonic Waves from Turmeric Rhizome as a Scaffold in 4D Prosthesis

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and a large number of breast surgeries are performed every year. Most of these surgeries require the use of breast three dimensions (3D) prostheses and implants or drug-containing scaffolds. In most cases, prostheses and scaffolds are made of organic and inorganic materials which are not biocompatible. Using plant tissues and fibers instead of these materials to make 3D prostheses and scaffolds that naturally contain anti-cancer drugs is a new idea that has gained attention in recent decades. Recently, the radiation of infrared light (IR) waves to the organ containing the drug-carrying 3D prosthesis has been used to release the desired amount of drug from prosthesis at the desired time after surgery. The IR radiation is introduced as the fourth dimension in the 4D prosthesis and is a newer idea. In this research, the ultrasound waves have been proposed as a fourth dimension for drug release and turmeric rhizome as a scaffold containing curcumin as an anti-cancer substance. The process of releasing the curcumin from the turmeric rhizome - as a scaffold - with ultrasonic waves is a new and innovative idea that is in line with the development of 4D prosthetics.