Transformation in the Ontology of Knowledge in Islamic Philosophical Tradition

Being and knowledge as two main elements of Islamic philosophical tradition have their own relations and semantics. In this research, we analyze being and knowledge’s relations in Peripatetic, Illuminative, and Transcendent Islamic and philosophical schools. Our research approach is fundamental, through analyzing-illustrating methods and by using a meta-combination style. Since meta-combination through integrating previous investigation’s data tries to introduce new data that make new conceptions and ideas. Therefore, we try to integrate and categorize between being and knowledge based on Sadrean’s school which is different from Peripatetic and Illuminative understanding regarding their relation. So through making ontological integration between being and knowledge, we reach to a new conception of transformation in the ontology of knowledge. The data and findings of the research show that there are two approaches regarding the ontology of knowledge based on the meta-combination method between being and knowledge that includes, first, the separation of being and knowledge, second, their unity or integration. The bases of their separation are quidditive relation between being and knowledge, and considering knowledge as a quiddity. And the basis of their unity is the ontological approach to being. On the other hand, paying attention to Mulla Sadra’s bases regarding integrity between being and knowledge or their equality or unity guides us to the deep gap between Transcendent Wisdom from Peripatetic and Illuminative schools concerning the relation between being and knowledge.