Analyzing the humanities with emphasis on positivism

Positivism has been the dominant feature in the historiography of the new era, and it has served the science of history and helped to make it more scientific, and it has brought negative consequences. Positivist historiography sought to impose the methodology of experimental sciences on human sciences and believed in methodological unity and said that all the methods and styles used in experimental sciences should be used in human sciences and history. When it is science that uses those methods. In Iran, the attitude of positivism is still low. Today, the basic principles of this attitude in the field of humanities and social sciences, especially the principle of the similarity of man and nature and the possibility of knowing them with the same methods, and especially the dominance of the West in its human and social studies, have been seriously criticized by some schools of sociology in the West. Is. This method had positive consequences when it entered Iran in 1340 and caused the legal approach to the study of political phenomena to decrease and the sociological approach to some extent replace it. Its dominance made political science scholars express social and political theories related to Western societies and try to understand Iranian society less or theorize their understanding of Iranian society within the framework of the same Western theory. The result of this strategy is that social sciences and political sciences stay away from the realities of political developments in the construction of the Iranian government and society, a situation that can be considered the political and social isolation of social sciences in general and political science in particular. So far, the social and political phenomena in Iran have been discussed and investigated with theories based on the above approach due to its dominance over the new science. This point of view has had certain consequences in examining the intellectual and political history of Iran.