Ale Saj

Ale-Saj, known as Bani Saj, Sajedian, and Sajiyeh, played a significant role in the history of Iran and Islam during the fourth century. Abu Saj, the founder of the dynasty, suppressed local rebellions against the caliphate, which led to his close relationship with the caliphate and his appointment as the ruler of various cities. He was succeeded by his son, Muhammad bin AbuSaj, who continued to suppress rebellions, including those by the Alawide, and conquered Armenia. He even laid claim to the Afshin royal title and achieved the complete conquest of Azerbaijan, after looting Tbilisi and establishing autonomy. However, Muhammad's brother, Yusuf, had a different vision. He insisted on continuing the rebellion against the caliphate and achieving autonomy for Azerbaijan. He was imprisoned for three years after the Samanid agent was removed from Ray, but he regained power later. He was eventually tasked with suppressing the Qarmatians, which marked the end of his work. Ale-Saj served as agents for the Abbasids in critical political moments, both openly and secretly. They were involved in suppressing the Qarmatians and Alevids and accompanied Khumarawayh Tuluni. However, they later rebelled against him. They also accompanied Yaqub and Amribne layeth on safaris, but despite Yaqub's defeat, they became closer to the caliphate. Although their mission was repressive, the caliphate treated Ale-Saj cautiously. The Samanids had no military relationship with the dynasty, and the caliph officially gave them the command to hand over the province of Ray and assigned Ibn Saj to suppress the Qarmatians. This research aims to investigate the complex and intertwined relationships between the Abbasids, Ale-Saj, and Samanids, and their impact on the history of Iran and Islam during the fourth century. The research method employed in this study is descriptive-analytical, relying on library sources and historical-critical research.