Explaining the role of urban mosque hierarchy in Iranian Islamic architecture with emphasis on urban aesthetics in the context of Iranian political sociology

In recent times, the issue of mosques needs to find a solution to improve itself, for this purpose, the principles and criteria of architecture and design in the construction and operation of urban mosques are needed. This research seeks to find answers to these questions. First, how did the hierarchy as an important urban element have its impact on the physical elements of the mosques of the Qajar period? And what are the most effective principles of designing the physical elements of a mosque for the presence of more people? In this article, through field studies and library studies, the principle of hierarchy in mosques is discussed. Then, in order to find principles for designing mosques with emphasis on form hierarchy, design suggestions were prepared according to the characteristics of mosques. It was evaluated by Delphi method and then the results of this questionnaire were analyzed in SPSS v25 software to examine compliance or non-compliance, effectiveness, importance and strategies used to implement these suggestions in Qajar mosques . Proposed solutions that create a hierarchy are to increase the additional and decorative elements and specify the roof lines, use different surfaces in terms of color, use additional elements to emphasize and diversify, diverse design of the roof line and not to design a smooth roof line. And pointed out the use of visual accents and milestones on the roofline.