Mechanical properties improvement and bone regeneration of calcium phosphate bone cement, Polymethyl methacrylate and glass ionomer

Advancement in nanoscience and biotechnology of bone materials and cement hasbeen increasing over the past several decades. The combination of biomaterialswith trace elements for bone cement has verified their better mechanical strengthand biocompatibility response. Also, the ionic replacement has affected thechemical, physical and biological properties of the substance. Pyrophosphate hassupported better absorption of calcium phosphates (CaPs) and bone formation.Bone cement is the ionomer of an important material in tooth repair applicationused in the tooth filling, tooth cover, and to fix adhesions of the tooth and crown.Nanoparticle additives (magnesium oxide (MgO), hydroxyapatite (HA), chitosan(CH), barium sulfate and silica) and alternate monomers can be effective withPolymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) granules and methyl methacrylate monomers(MMAs) to decrease the isothermal temperature. These materials can be used forthe growth and development of bone cements. This paper aims to demonstratea general and different view of the applications of CaP, PMMA, glass ionomer andbone repair cements in various methods under different experiments procedure