Crash Test Simulation and Structure Improvement of IKCO 2624 Truck According to ECE-R29 Regulation

During the design and development of truck cabins, the safety of the driver and the front seat passenger in an accident is an important task and should be considered. The cab must be designed in such a way that in an accident a sufficient survival space is guaranteed. The aim of this study is to investigate the behavior of Iran Khodro (IKCO) 2624 truck subjected to a complex crash test according to regulation ECE-R29. This regulation is a comprehensive European regulation consisting of three tests: 1-Front impact test (Test A), 2- Roof strength test (Test B), 3-Rear wall strength test (Test C). These tests do not consider the safety of the occupant directly however, a III-50th% dummy was used to assess the cab’s deformations relative to the driver survival space. A 3D finite element model of the cab and chassis was developed and subjected to tests by using LS-DYNA software. The results indicate that the cab complied with Test A and C successfully while it passed Test B marginally. Finally, two solutions are suggested and implemented to improve the cab’s response for Test B.