A Comparative Investigation on Takfir of the People of al-Qiblah from the Point of View of Islamic Theological Denominations and Salafiyyah

The claimants of following the Salaf have always emphasized their attribution to the Salaf; But in various matters, they have acted against the principles and approach of the Salaf; The issue of takfir (excommunicating - declaring that sb is infidel) is one of these issues that, in addition to opposing the Salaf, also differ with other theological schools. Theological schools took the side of caution in excommunicating the people of the Qibla and avoided hastening the excommunication;
However, based on factors such as confusing the literal and terminology meaning of "worship", the incorrect understanding of the issue of creational guardianship (Welāyate Takwini) and the expansion of the range of reversals of Islam (Nawāqeẕe Eslām), the Salafyyeh have widely excommunicated many Muslims. This research, according to the views and foundations of the Salaf and scholars of Islamic schools of thought on the issue of takfir of the people of the Qibla, has explained the opposition of takfir stream with other schools of thought, and has criticized the views of the takfiris.