The criterion of causation in the view of Mulla Sadra and philosophers after Mulla Sadra

The problem of this article is criterion of causality in the view of Mulla Sadra and philosophers after Mulla Sadr. The criterion of causality refers to the criterion of the need of things for a cause. There are generally five opinions about criterion the need for the cause: Some consider the need for a cause to exist, which is mainly materialists; some the criteria return the need to origination (huduth), which are mainly theologians. The Peripateticistand and Illuminationist philosophers and consider the criterion of need to be an essential contingency. The fourth view about causality is the poverty contingency, which is based on the primacy of existence (asalat al-wujud). By criticizing the essential contingency, the Sadrai philosophers consider the criterion of the need of the affected to the cause as the existential poverty of the effect, which accompanies the effect both in its origination and survival. The poverty existence does is not thing that poverty to occurs on it, rather, poverty and lack are the same identity and essence. However, regarding the fifth view, it should be said that some philosopher’s arguments in the poverty contingency are not sufficient and have challenged this view. According to the narrations from some Imams, it seems that the criterion for the need of the effect is in the existence dependent on another. In addition to having the advantages of the view of the poverty contingency, this view is free from its faults and correctly explains the criterion of causality