Life cycle assessment of electricity and heat production Energy sys tems for environmental policymaking

Energy sys tems, despite their important components and diversity, energy sys tems have subs tantial implications for health, ecosys tems, and natural resources; accordingly, over 1,000 LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) s tudies on energy sys tems have been done throughout the las t two decades to assess and minimize these impacts. This article evaluates the applications of LCAs in energy and heat generation energy sys tems to identify environmentally sensitive points, as well as providing brief and important information about 1) methodology, including defining the objectives and scope of s tudies, covering the sys tem life cycle and environmental impacts; and 2) The results obtained from these inves tigations, particularly those aimed at identifying environmental hotspots and patterns of influence in various energy sources, are given. Provisional insights on LCA s tudies for energy sys tems are also required since many policymakers now specify energy paths for the next decades and demand predicted evaluations of the consequences of technology. Calculate the present and future. This s tudy seeks to evaluate LCA recommendations and guidelines on major parts of methodology in order to appropriately guide LCA research on energy sys tem policy.