Re-reading of Damigha Injury in Islamic Penal Code; from the Conceptology to the Identification of the Ruling (a Critical Research on Legislation over Clause E of Article 709 of IPC)

The Art. 709 of IPC defines damigha as ''rapture of brain sac''. According to the law, the blood money for damigha, whether by injury or damage, is equivalent to ''a blood money for ma'muma plus to arsh of brain sac rapture''. Ma'muma is realized by the entrance of the crime tool into the skull that reaches just close to the brain sac but before it; here, the blood money is one-third of a full blood money. Now, if the brain sac is torn without any injury, which means the realization of damigha, then, there seems to be a legal problem in the legislation of art. 709 on the necessity of proving a ma'muma blood money as well as an arsh of brain sac rapture; because the principle of the proportionality of crime and punishment behooves the arsh of a brain sac rapture, not adding the ma'muma to it unless it is said that the addition of ma'muma to brain sac arsh is a tradition which makes it necessary to be followed under the title of determined blood money. Using a descriptive-analytic method of research, this study aims at proving that the legislation of damigha neither follows the principle of the proportionality of crime and punishment nor does it exist in the traditions as a crime with determined blood money. The elimination of the term damigha from law and leaving it to the laws related to undermined blood money crimes is the result of the present research.