Public Governance: Challenges and Issues

Empirically, the term “governance” is the institutions, methods, and practices that emerged during the last quarter of a century to overcome the institutional fragmentation caused by market-oriented changes. The purpose of different governance models is to achieve guidance, coordination, and control of people and organizations to achieve the expected results. In this path, it uses the capacity of institutions and actors and various sources beyond the government, power dependence in relationships between institutions, self-organizing networks of governing, and new leadership methods instead of command and hierarchy. However, there are issues and challenges on this path. Hence, in the present paper, which is the result of research conducted using the thematic analysis method, authoritative books and articles were collected and governance issues and challenges were divided and were explored into three categories: challenges related to structure, challenges related to the process, and challenges related to the efficiency and the results of governance.