Developing a Multicultural Curriculum Model Based on Foucault's Views in Semnan University of Medical Sciences

The aim of this study was to develop a multicultural curriculum model based on Foucault's views in medical universities of Semnan province. The applied study adopted a mixed-methods approach. The participants were selected using snowball sampling method and theoretical saturation criteria. 20 experts in the field of medical education and curriculum planning in Semnan were recruited. In-depth and semi-structured individual interviews were used to collect the data. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed by open, axial, and selective coding. After the initial design of the conceptual model of a multicultural curriculum based on Foucault's views to validate the model, the opinions of 18 medical education specialists in Semnan were used. At this stage, the researcher-made multicultural curriculum questionnaire based on Foucault's views with 70 items and four dimensions of purpose, content, teaching-learning and evaluation strategies with each dimension having three components of knowledge, attitude and skill in a five-point Likert scale was used. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the expert opinion and the reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha. Also, the composite reliability was confirmed by coefficients of 0.95 and 0.97, respectively. The results showed that the components of purpose, content, teaching method and evaluation were effective in explaining the pattern of multicultural curriculum based on Foucault's views.