Response of Effective Traits on Sugarcane Crop Production to Different Level of Tillage System and Urea Fertilizer under Warm and Dry Climate Condition

By using low-tillage methods in combination with management of urea fertilizer consumption, beneficial results such as improving sugarcane yield, reducing soil physical degradation and reducing the cost of inputs will be achieved.
This research was carried out to produce economic yield and investigating the possibility of reducing the consumption of urea fertilizer, frequency of tillage operations and movement of machinery in the field.
Current study was done according split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main plot included tillage system (T1: moldboard plow one time, Subsoiler two time as conventional tillage, T2: moldboard plow one time, Subsoiler one time, T3: moldboard plow two time, without Subsoiler) and Urea fertilizer (U1: 250 kg.ha-1, U2: 300 kg.ha-1, U3: 350 kg.ha-1) belonged to subplots.
Result of analysis of variance revealed effect of tillage system only on leaf sheath moisture was significant at 5% probability level also effect of urea fertilizer on cane yield was significant. Interaction effect of treatments on all measured traits was not significant. Mean comparison result of different level of tillage system indicated that maximum leaf sheath moisture (83.2%) was noted for T1 (moldboard plow one time, Subsoiler two time as conventional tillage) and minimum of that (82.1%) belonged to T2 treatment. Assessment mean comparison result indicated in different level of urea fertilizer the maximum cane yield (118 t.ha-1) was noted for 300 kg.ha-1 urea fertilizer and minimum of that (103 t.ha-1) belonged to 250 kg.ha-1 although it does not have significant difference with 350 kg.ha-1 treatment.
Considering the maximum yield of the product with the consumption of 300 kg per hectare of urea fertilizer, reducing the consumption of 50 kg per hectare of urea fertilizer compared to the current consumption amount will not have an effect on reducing the yield. Due to the fact that reducing one round of plowing operation (compared to the conventional plowing method) did not affect the yield of the crop, it is possible to skip this operation in the field.