The Effect of Different Percentages of Nano-bioactive Glass in the Synthesized CPP/ACP Paste on the Remineralization of Demineralized Enamel

 The preventive treatments of primary caries lesions are essential for preventing destructive damage to the tooth structure. One of the common treatments is the application of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CCP/ACP) paste on the enamel surface. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different percentages of nano-bioactive glass (nBG) incorporation into synthesized CPP/ACP paste on the remineralization of demineralized enamel.

 In general, 24 extracted human intact premolar teeth were selected, and their crowns were removed for this purpose. Each crown was cut into two halves, and each half was considered as a sample. The samples were placed in a demineralizing solution at a pH rate of 4.6 for 8 hours, in artificial saliva for 1 hour, and again in a remineralizing solution at a pH rate of 7 for 15 hours. The pH cycling was performed for 14 days to demineralize the enamel surface. The samples were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=16), including G1 (without treatment), G2 (treated with synthesized CPP/ ACP paste containing 5% nanobioglass), and G3 (treated with synthesized CPP/ACP paste containing 10% nanobioglass). The paste was then placed directly on the surface of the demineralized enamel for 4 minutes (twice a day for 28 days). The samples were subjected to the Vickers microhardness test. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS (version 19) and the analysis of variance and Tukey’s tests (α = 0.05).

 There was a significant difference between microhardness values in G1 and G2, as well as G1 and G3 (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was observed between G2 and G3 (P>0.05).

 The results showed adding bioactive glass into synthetic CPP/ACP paste increases enamel remineralization in spite of the percentage of bioactive glass incorporation.