Evaluation of herbicides efficiency on Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus) control in different stage of wheat (Triticum aestivum)

In order to identify the best method and time of herbicide application in bromus (Bromus japonicus) control, a factorial experiment was conducted in a form of a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The experimental treatments include (1) the application of 3 post-emergence herbicides metsulfuron methyl + sulfosulfuron (45 grams of active substance per hectare), (2) sulfosulfuron (26.6 grams of effective substance per hectare) and pinoxaden (450 mg of effective substance per hectare) and (3) three times of herbicide application were before tillering, during tillering and after tillering of wheat. The dry weight of bromus and wheat was measured during all three stages of spraying, 30 and 60 days after spraying and during harvest along with grain yield. Metsulfuron methyl + sulfosulfuron and sulfosulfuron treatments showed the highest reduction in bromus biomass and increase in wheat grain yield both before tillering and during wheat tillering. With the application of herbicides after tillering of wheat, the use of the mentioned herbicides in the control of bromus was observed to decrease in a similar way, and by delaying the spraying time, the yield of wheat was also reduced. Based on the results of this study, two herbicides, methsulfuron methyl + sulfosulfuron and sulfosulfuron, are suggested for the effective control of bromus in the early stages of wheat and weed growth.