Feasibility of wetland technology in biological wastewater treatment Tehran Province villages

Wetland technology, utilizing natural plants and microorganisms, is an effective approach for removing contaminants from wastewater. In recent years, there has been increased attention towards biological treatment processes for wastewater treatment in rural and agricultural sectors, particularly in developing countries. Rural wastewater facilities play a crucial role in promoting public health and environmental protection within rural areas. Wetland technology has emerged as a viable method for biological wastewater treatment in these regions. This study focuses on assessing the feasibility of implementing wetlands in villages of Tehran Province. Models and methodologies for wetland utilization worldwide and in Iran were collected, and conceptual models were designed according to Iranian standards. Data layers based on three key criteria, namely technical, socio-economic, and environmental factors, were classified. Relevant maps were developed and overlaid using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The findings indicate that approximately 49 villages, primarily located in the western half of Tehran Province, demonstrated the highest suitability for constructing wetlands. Among these villages, 12 are prioritized by the Department of Rural Water and Wastewater in Tehran Province for the development of wastewater treatment systems, with wetland technology being recommended as the preferred option.