A comparative study of selected immunological markers on children with normal tonsils, simple hypertrophic tonsils, and recurrently inflamed tonsils

The interest in the role of tonsils and tonsillar disorders in a variety of immunological adaptations have been increased, but their precise systemic immunological roles are not well-established. Samples obtained from 38 patients with palatine tonsillar hypertrophy (Group I, which was further classified into Group Ia including 16 patients with tonsillar hypertrophy without recurrent tonsillitis, and Group Ib including 22 patients with recurrent tonsillitis). Group II included 38 samples of apparently healthy controls were studied. The levels of ASOT, IL-10, and lactoferrin in venous samples were measured, in addition to histopathological examination and immunohistochemical assessment of the CD3 and CD20 expression on the excised samples. The serum level of ASOT among group Ib candidates were significantly higher than that in group Ia and group II. Furthermore, ASOT level showed significantly higher readings in group Ia than in group II. In addition, when comparing group Ia to group II, there was no statistically significant distinction in the levels of IL-10. In contrast, group Ib showed statistically higher levels of IL-10 than group Ia and group II. The group Ia demonstrated no significant statistical difference regarding the lactoferrin levels when compared with group II and statistically significant lower levels of lactoferrin in group Ib was seen when compared to group Ia and II. Recurrent tonsillitis of the hypertrophied tonsils has stronger effects on the systemic immune components than isolated hypertrophy. Further research and analysis are needed to determine the specific nature and individual variances of these influences.