Factors and contexts of the spread of Shafi'i religion in Indonesia

The most populous Muslim country, Indonesia; Most of its people follow the Shafi'i religion.The present article, which was compiled in a historical and descriptive manner, sought to analyze the factors and historical foundations of the spread of the Shafi'i religion in Indonesia, to represent the causes involved in the spread of the mentioned religion and to identify the important role of the index factor.The results of this survey show; In the first stage, the global expansion of Shafi'i jurisprudence at the time of Indonesians' encounter with Islam, with the constructive role of Muslim merchants and missionaries, especially Iranian missionaries, was effective in transmitting Sufi Manesh and Shafi'i ideas.In the second stage, the communication of Indonesian pilgrims with the city of Mecca and the holy and transcendental attitude of the Indonesian people to this journey, which was accompanied by the cultural, spiritual, and scientific requirements of the Hajj, became an indicator of the reception of Sufi trends and the spread of Shafi'i jurisprudence in Indonesia.In addition to the issues raised, which were due to the previous cultural and religious background of the people of the archipelago, that is, Buddhism and Hinduism tendencies.The efforts of scholars and clerics in establishing schools and parties in order to spread the teachings of Sufism came to an end, and as a result of the continuity and inherent similarity of Sufism and the Shafi'i religion, the permanence of this religion was achieved during many centuries in Indonesia.