The Role of YazidIbnShajarehRahawi in the Instability and Stability of the Position of Imam Ali (AS), and Mu'awiyah in Mecca

This study is in line with the role of religious forces and tribal elites in the events of Islamic history in the first century AH, and analyzes YazidibnShajarehRahawi and his role in the instability of the Caliphate of Imam Ali (AS) and the stabilization of the Umayyads. Yazid was a supporter of Uthman. During the caliphate of Imam Ali (AS), he went from Kufa to Syria and accompanied Mu'awiyah in the battle of Tiffin. He was also considered one of the religious leaders and political figures of Syria. The commander was in charge of plundering Mecca and taking allegiance to Mu'awiyah. The research method is a historical study based on data collection, analysis, and description and with the method of libraries and Islamic sources. How did Yazid play a role in the instability of Imam Ali (AS) and the stability of Mu'awiyah in Mecca? What were the effective factors in this success? What was the role and position of Mu'awiyah and Imam Ali (AS)? This study clarifies: Yazid's position and his orientation in confronting Imam Ali (AS) in Mecca, caused the instability of his rule and the stability of Mu'awiyah. The main strategy of Imam Ali (AS) in this case was to repel the conspiracy of Mu'awiyah based on the three important categories of jihad, preserving the divine sanctuary, and establishing the truth. Other factors in Rahawi's relative success include the role of the Quraysh and other opponents of the Imam, the mismanagement of Qosamibn Abbas, and the adaptability of the people.