Review of Smart Metallic Materials Classification

Along with material science progress, many new high-quality and cost-effective engineering materials have been introduced in various fields. Smart materials are the new generation of materials superior to construction and commonly used materials. With their inherent intelligence, these materials can adapt to external stimuli such as loads or the environment. Smart materials refer to those materials that understand and react to their environment and surrounding conditions. The crystal structure of these materials responds to applied force (mechanical, electrical, magnetic, etc.). According to NASA's definition, smart materials remember positions and can return to them with certain stimuli. Smart materials are used in systems whose inherent properties can be changed to achieve the required performance. In this article, while introducing the application and development of memory metal smart materials, the relationship between the development of advancing technologies and the development and application of this class of material is discussed.