Optimizing the spatial design of urban metro stations using the space syntax method

In recent decades, due to the lack of urban land in big cities, the use of underground urban spaces as one of the emerging urban public spaces has attracted the attention of designers, policy makers and urban decision makers. The main issue in underground urban spaces is how to design and optimize urban metro stations as a place for people's social interactions, which has received less attention. Failure to pay attention to the structure and spatial quality of urban metro stations has caused problems in how to properly use the internal spaces of the stations. The purpose of this article is to use the space syntax method to identify, evaluate and optimize stations based on routing, orientation and visibility components in Tabriz metro stations. In the upcoming research, these components in two selected stations of Tabriz city; Clock Square and Old Square have been examined and tested. In this research, descriptive and analytical methods have been used and data analysis has been done using space syntax technique and based on graphic and statistical maps extracted from axial analysis 1, orientation analysis 2, isovist analysis 3, natural motion analysis 4, which have a significant impact on the design and optimization of spaces. . The results and findings of the research show that the spatial structure has made a tangible contribution to the quality design of urban underground stations. Saat Square station is well organized with clear and direct routes compared to Old Square station, and in the analysis it has performed relatively well in terms of physical and visual permeability, cohesion and spatial structure.Keywords: Urban Underground Spaces, Metro Station Design, Space Syntax, Optimization of Metro Spaces