The effect of ultrasound extraction conditions on extraction efficiency phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of Eryngium extract

Erynjium is a herbal medicine that is used in the treatment of diabetic patients. In this research, optimization of the extraction of bioactive compounds from Erynjium plant was done with the help of ultrasound waves (with constant intensity and for 5, 15 and 20 minutes) using three types of solvents: water, ethanol (99%) and ethanol (80%). Erynjium plant was completely ground and mixed with solvents at a ratio of 1 to 3 at ambient temperature and the extract was extracted within 24 hours and the extraction process was repeated with fresh solvent. The extracted extract was desolvated at a temperature of less than 45 degrees Celsius and tests were performed to determine the extraction efficiency (percentage), the amount of phenolic compounds, FRAP and DPPH, in three replicates. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and mean comparison (Duncan's test at 5% level). The results showed that water solvent and 20 minutes of ultrasound significantly produced the highest amount of extract (11.21%). 80% ethanol during 20 minutes of ultrasound resulted in the extraction of the highest amount of phenolic compounds (96.77 mg/g), free radical uptake (1.96 mg/ml) and the highest FRAP (918 micromol FeIII/L). The results showed Performing the ultrasound process for 20 minutes and using 80% ethanol solvent resulted in extracting the extract with the highest antioxidant power.