Examining the linguistic similarities between the 5th century Hijri admonitions (Dastor al-Muluk, Siasatnameh, Qaboosnameh and Nasihat al-Moluk of Ghazali)

The purpose of writing educational works is to educate and teach moral issues and points to improve the morals of the audience, I am a researcher related to educational literature and political thought in Iran, focusing on the Islamic period, it directly refers the researcher to a collection of works that They have been written under the title of policy in different periods of history. Writing political letters in this era is the result of the accumulation of a cultural intellectual duality, which on the one hand is a reflection of the political thought in ancient Iran and on the other hand is mixed with traces of Islamic political thought. The Siastname, Qaboosnameh, Nasihat al-Moluk and Dastur al-Moluk, all of which were written in the fifth century of Hijri, are guidelines containing practical instructions for the guidance and guidance of courtiers in political affairs from the highest level, i.e. the king, to the lowest level, i.e. officials and agents. In this research, the linguistic similarities between Dastar al-Moluk, Siasatnameh, Qaboosnameh, and Nasihat al-Moluk of Ghazali are discussed.

This article, using a descriptive and analytical method, tries to examine the linguistic similarities of these four texts in the two fields of teachings related to politics and statecraft and individual ethics, and to answer the question whether there is a difference between these teachings. Is there a difference in the four mentioned texts?

The findings indicate that the texts of the four mentioned works, in terms of the central narrative, adverbs, marked forms, division and explanation, emphatic forms, repetition, synonyms, contrast/paradox, simile of numbers and non-use of Balance and Saj’ have many similarities.

The results show that features such as simplicity and fluency, reference to verses and hadiths, central story, repetition and synonymy, contradictory constructions, comparison, use of superlative adjectives, use of special present tenses and literary arrays such as Allegory, division and explanation after ambiguity in them as common linguistic features have become generalizable features in these conventions.