The Sertoli Cell Efficiency in Spermatogenesis, A Review Study

Over 100 million sperm are daily produced by the male reproductive system for the purpose of reproduction and fertility in male gender. During embryonic development, primordial germ cells migrate to the testes and transform into undifferentiated germ cells called spermatogonia, which are destined to develop into mature sperm through a process called spermatogenesis. Successful spermatogenesis and thus efficient fertility are dependent upon various factors, including Sertoli cell efficiency. Studies have reported a direct correlation between the morphology of Sertoli and germ cells indicating the importance of these somatic cells inside the spermatogenic tubes. The first structural investigations and possibilities about the function of these cells date back over 150 years when 23-year-old Enrico Sertoli first assessed the structure of these somatic cells. The results of years of research on various functions and effects of these cells have contributed significantly to studies on infertility. This has drawn more attention to the characteristics and mechanisms of physiological action of Sertoli cells, as well as the analysis of disorders related to them so that an effective step can be taken in the treatment of male fertility problems.