Phytochemical Comparison of Salvia mirzayanii Rech. & Esfand in Different Ecological Conditions

Salvia mirzayanii Rech. & Esfand is an Iranian endemic plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family which has many pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and enhancing cognition and memory. It is considered as an endemic species of Iran, that is in danger of extinction. The bulks aromatic plants come from wild populations whose essential oils compositions as well as their biological properties are severely affected by the geographical location Therefore, the aim of the present study is to provide more information on the variation of essential oil composition of S. mirzayanii collected from four different geographical regions. The aerial parts of four populations of S. mirzayanii were collected from different natural habitats of Fars province in southwest of Iran. Chemical composition of S. mirzayanii were isolated by hydrodistillation using clevenger type apparatus and analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. The major compounds in four populations were α-terpinyl acetate, Eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol, bicyclogermacrene, δ-cadinene and 1,8-Cineole in four populations. Polyphenolics content were identified by HPLC analysis. Predominant phenolic constituents in all extracts were chlorogenic acid, vaniline and rosmarinic acid, p-cumaric acid, trans-ferulic acid and quercetin. The DPPH radical inhibition was measured by using a micro-plate reader. The best antioxidant activity was related to ecotype3 with 1281.48 μg/mL and the highest amount of total phenol is related to ecotype1 and ecotype4.