Landslide Hazard Zoning Using Hierarchical Analysis Process (AHP) Model and GIS Technology (Case Study: Baghmalek County)

Landslide phenomenon is a kind of danger in mountainous areas, which has always caused a lot of damages in Iran. Therefore, identifying areas that are prone to landslides can prevent the occurrence of this phenomenon and save human life and property. The purpose of this research was to prioritize the effective components in the occurrence of landslides and zoning the risk of its occurrence in Bagh Malek county. For zoning the risk of landslides, 9 factors were considered, including: slope, geology, water drainage network, height, rainfall, land use, fault, slope direction and road. The method used in landslide zoning is AHP. Geographic information system (GIS) software was also used to combine the layers. In the Hierarchical Analysis Process (AHP) method, the weight of each of the nine factors was calculated and applied to the desired layers according to the importance of each of them in the occurrence of landslides, and by stacking the layers, a landslide risk zoning map was produced. The results showed that the factor of slope, land type and surface water network with the highest rank of 1 to 3, and the road and slope direction with the 8th and 9th rank have the least impact on the occurrence of landslides in this region. Low risk areas have 43.25% and high risk areas have 4.01% of the area. The results showed that most landslides in the region are related to the slope and type of land. The most sensitive parts of the region to landslides are the southwest and parts of the east and west of the region, and the most resistant parts of the region are some parts of the north, northwest, and some parts of the east of the region.