Optimization of callus and adventitious root formation of Humulus lupulus for some medicinal secondary metabolites production

Humulus lupulus belongs to cannabaceae family which cultivated in different regions of word for its medicinal and industrial importance. It has several medicinal components including: resin, essential oils, phenols and flavonoids. The aim of current research was optimization of callus and adventitious root formation for secondary metabolites production. For this purpose, petiole explant were cultured on MS or B5 medium culture supplemented with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 5 mg/l) of Kin either alone or in combination with (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 5 mg/l) 2,4-D or NAA. The experiment plan was completely randomized factorial design at 8 replications and five samples in each replicate. The obtained results showed that there is not any difference between MS and B5 medium culture for callus induction. The highest percentage of callus induction (100%) was achived in (2.5, 2.5) and (3, 3) mg/l of NAA+Kin and or 2,4-D+Kin, in both medium culture. Meanwhile, the highest amount of dry and fresh weigth was obtained in MS medium contained (2.5, 2.5) mg/l NAA+Kin. Medium containing (0.5, 0.5) mg/l NAA+Kin and or (0.5, 1) mg/l 2,4-D +Kin were the most effective for adventitious root induction. The results revealed that the highest amount of phenol was observed in MS medium supplemented with (3, 3) mg/l NAA+Kin, but the highest amount of flavonoid was produced in B5 medium containing (3, 3) mg/l 2,4-D +Kin.