Study of Recognition of Islamic Emirate of Taliban by the International Community According to Theories of State Recognition

The Taliban’s lack of compatibility with the international community and their inability to gain political legitimacy in Afghanistan prevented the international community from recognizing the Islamic Emirate of Taliban in 1991. However, in 2021, after gaining control of the country, the Taliban managed to address these issues, align themselves with the international community, and establish political legitimacy. By engaging in international relations without extremism, the group may be able to secure its political survival within the global framework. Therefore, the central question of this study is whether the international community officially recognizes the Taliban as a legitimate government. Through a descriptive-analytical methodology, the study demonstrates that the Taliban group has established itself as a government by possessing a defined territory, a permanent population, a functioning government, the ability to engage with other states, and the capacity to govern. Furthermore, by moderating its extremist positions, the group has potentially distanced itself from being labeled as a terrorist organization, leading certain countries like the United States to implicitly acknowledge its legitimacy.