Phytochemical Profiling, GC-MS Analysis, In-vitro, and In-silico Aldose Reductase Activity of Coccinia Indica (L.) Fruit Extract: A Step Towards the Management of Hyperglycemia

Coccinia Indica (L.) fruit (CIFs) is a mounting, herbaceous, branching latitude vascular domestic plant in Asia, including India. It is a popular medicine for reducing high levels of blood glucose. This work aimed to appraise the photochemical, liquid, gaseous, and solid substances using Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy and find the aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) activity through in-vitro assay using CIFs extracts. CIFs were extracted using polar and non-polar solvents. The results indicated that the ethanolic had a high yield of 33.9% when compared to 18.6% aqueous, 11.3% chloroform, 9.2% petroleum, and also the ethanolic extracts showing maximum phenolic (12.5±0.84mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (78.4±3.6mg QE/gm) dry extract content. GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic extract shows a total of 23 peaked compounds. The in-vitro aldose reductase inhibitor activity was performed with a partly purified bovine lens and revealed that ethanolic extract of CIFs established a 78.46% ARI activity at IC50 value 2.34µg/mL followed by aqueous 76.88% by IC50 value 3.88 µg/mL. Furthermore, the in-silico molecular docking and Density Functional Theory for peak compound was carried out. The CIFs are, therefore, a possible efficient agent with ARI and can be used to manage diabetic mellitus and its accompanying complications.