The Flow of Causality between the Four Islamic Religions

The discussion of this article is about causation, especially active causation, and the author's foundation is to examine the matter through a comparative method between the heads and some elders of Islamic theological sects. In this article, first the definition of causality was stated in the form of a report, then the importance of this discussion was briefly explained from the philosophical and theological aspects, and the difference between the philosophical and theological views on causality was stated, and what is related to this category to Islamic theologians was determined. so that the path of the discussion is well clear. Then, respecting the relative precedence and backwardness of the four sects, the Mu'tazila, Ash'arite, Materidiyyah and Shia theories about causality were reported, according to the same point of view that was relevant to them, and at the end, after summarizing the contents in five paragraphs, the Shia opinion and In some ways, the opinion of Mu'tazila is accepted. It should be noted that the history and biography and views of the four sects and their intellectual developments throughout the centuries have not been detailed in this article, and the sects have been introduced only to the extent that was meant for reporting and researching the causality.