The Security of Civilians in Armed Conflicts from the Perspective of the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Infallible Imams (as) and Its Comparison with the Two Testaments’ Point of View

For a long time, people have sought to establish laws to reduce the harm of armed conflicts, especially on civilians. In the modern world, these principles were adopted in the form of "international humanitarian law" or "law of war" laws in various conventions, the most important of which was the 1949 Geneva Quadrilateral Convention. Some of these laws are related to the protection of women, children and civilians. In this research, we are trying to investigate the issue of protecting the lives of civilians, especially children and women, in armed conflicts from the perspective of the holy texts of Islam and Christianity, as well as the views of Muslim and Christian theologians. The purpose of this research is to show the extent to which the modern laws of humanitarian law are rooted in the holy texts of Islam or Christianity. The research method is based on the library method and the study of the sacred and theological texts of two religions, Islam and Christianity. According to the results of this research, although in the holy texts of Islam and Christianity, especially in the Old Testament, there is a significant difference regarding the observance of the rights of civilians, but this difference becomes less in the fatwas of Muslim and Christian theologians.