Comparing the predictive values of GAP, NTS, RTS, and KTS indicators in determining the hospital outcome of multi-trauma patients admitted to Imam Khomeini hospital in Urmia, Iran

Trauma is one of the main causes of premature deaths worldwide. Improvements in hospital and pre-hospital care and procedures can reduce trauma-related deaths. Easy trauma scoring systems can help the doctors to adopt a specific and appropriate method of managing trauma patients. This study aimed to compare the degree to which indicators of GCS, Age, and systolic blood pressure (GAP), New trauma score (NTS), Revised trauma score (RTS), and Kampala trauma score (KTS) predicted the hospital outcome of the multi-trauma patients. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 385 multi-trauma patients referred to the emergency department of Imam Khomeini hospital in Urmia (Iran). The data related to GAP, NTS, RTS, and KTS were collected using a checklist and then were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics by SPSS 18. The mean RTS, NTS, KTS, GAP and GCS values were 6.71±0.47, 6.06±0.34, 8.25±0.96, 77.77±0.96, 22.20±2 and 13.90±1.8, respectively. Moreover, the deceased patients’ averages of RTS, NTS and GAP were significantly lower than these averages in the discharged patients. Nonetheless, there was no significant difference between deceased and discharged patients in terms of their average KTS. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the average RTS, NTS, KTS and GAP of the patients who needed surgery and the patients who did not need surgery. In addition, the averages RTS, NTS and GAP of the patients who needed ICU were significantly lower than these averages in patients who did not need ICU. However, there was no significant difference between the average KTS of the patients who needed ICU and the patients who did not need ICU. The findings of the study show that the deceased trauma patients’ RTS, NTS, KTS and GAP were lower than the recovered patients’ RTS, NTS, KTS and GAP. This problem can be a risk factor and shows that there is a need for faster treatment of these patients.