Investigating the impact of neoclassical facades on the quality of the Cityscape and City Image from the citizens' point of view (case study: Niavaran neighborhood of Tehran)

Today, the importance of the Cityscape and City Image on the one hand and the developments of the last few decades in the materials and the variety of styles and the speed of construction on the other hand, have made it more necessary to pay attention to the facade and the organization of urban facades among contemporary architects and urban planners. Considering the tendency of citizens towards neoclassical style and the prevalence of so-called Roman facades in metropolises, especially Tehran metropolis, the current research aims to evaluate such facades and examines their impact on the quality of the Cityscape and City Image in Niavaran neighborhood of Tehran. This research, which is an applied research, based on library studies, observation and field observations, was prepared by a survey method. The analyzed indicators in two objective and subjective dimensions and functional, perceptual and visual components have been provided to the statistical sample in the form of questionnaires. The data analysis shows the impact of the research indicators on the quality of the Cityscape and City Image. This effectiveness in the objective dimension is much higher than the subjective dimension, so that the average ranking of the indicators of the objective dimension, except for the safety index (2.91), have all obtained values higher than (3). However, among the indices of the mental dimension, this value fluctuates between the numbers (3.2) and (3.6), and only the "balance and symmetry" index with an average rating of (4.3) has the highest score have given. The results of this research show that the view and appearance of the residents of the neighborhood and observing citizens have a greater impact on the quality of the Cityscape and City Image than what they conjure up in their minds. Therefore, paying attention to lighting, decorations, color, form and complexity of the facade is in the priority of their importance, and the indicators of identity and meaning, balance and symmetry, understanding of composition and harmony of the facade are placed in the last ranks of importance. But what seems essential in improving the quality of the Cityscape and City Image in Niavaran neighborhood is the need to simultaneously emphasize the functional, perceptual and visual components.