Electrospun Fibrous Membrane Containing Pistachio Hull Extract /Polyvinyl Alcohol as Accelerator Healing of Calvarial Defects in Wistar Rats

Fracture healing is a major concern in orthopedic surgery, necessitating the identification of new techniques with minimal side effects to expedite the healing process. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of topical nanofibers loaded with Pistachio hull extract on the healing of bone defects in rat calvaria

Defects of 7 mm were induced in the calvaria of 45 male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into three groups, with defects in each group being treated with nanofibers loaded with Pistachio hull extract (PVA-PH), PVA nanofibers (PVA), or left empty as a control group. Histopathological evaluation was conducted on days 14, 28, and 42.

On day 14, a significant difference was observed between the PVA/PH and the control, while no significant difference was found between the PVA/PH and PVA. As the days progressed to 28 and 42, the PVA/PH exhibited a significantly higher healing rate compared to both the PVA and controls.

The results from this study demonstrate that nanofibers loaded with pistachio hull extract can significantly enhance osteogenesis and promote the healing process of calvarial defects in rats over a 42-day period. This finding holds promise for developing improved approaches to facilitate fracture healing with reduced side effects.