Meta-analysis of Johne’s disease in Iranian animals’ population (1999 - 2020)

 Johne's disease occurs in domestic and wild animals worldwide. Paratuberculosis has severe economic impacts on the animal industry. Despite the significant economic losses, little knowledge is available on the epidemiological status of paratuberculosis in the animal population of Iran. The aim of this study was evaluating of the prevalence rate of the disease in the Iranian animals’ population with confidence interval and p-value. The search was conducted on the electronic international and national databases and screened. Then, sufficient and relevant data were extracted. Data were analyzed using STATA software v. 14. Prevalence disease rates were determined using random effect models. Fifty-two articles were included in the systematic review. According to the results, the overall disease incidence rate in Iran was 20.39%. The prevalence rate of JD was 22.33 (CI 95%, 18.87- 25.78) in the cattle population, and 25.61 (CI 95%, 21.43-29.78) in sheep. This study showed that cattle and sheep were the most commonly infected host. The highest prevalence rate of disease was 35.88 in Tehran (CI 95%, 16.77-54.99), followed by 32.86 (CI 95%, 25.07-40.65), and 20.10 (CI 95%, 14.63-25.58) in Khorasan Razavi, and Kerman, respectively. The lowest prevalence rate of JD was 2.27 in Ilam (CI 95%, 0.84- 3.70). Based on this result, molecular-based methods were proper compared to other diagnostic methods. This study reports MAP prevalence in dairy herds in the provinces of Iran. Due to infection transmission from animal sources to human and the potential role of MAP in human disease, is emphasize on the need for further study on this issue.