Water milfoil (Myriopyhllum Spp.) management approaches in water resources

 Increasing and uncontrolled growth of aquatic weeds including Myriopyhllum Spicatum has caused numerous environmental problems, such as disrupting the natural balance of the ecosystem and serious damage to plant and animal species in aquatic environments. Reaching an efficient, cost-effective and environmentally safe management method to control this growth is of particular importance. Therefore, in this study, management methods of Myriopyhllum Spicatum in water resources have been reviewed.

 Using keywords “Management methods and water milfoil pollution and water sources pollution, aquatic plant or aquatic weed, water milfoil or Myriopyhllum Spicatum”, we searched in databases such as Google scholar, Science direct, Scopus and PubMed in a time period between 2000 to 2023. Finally, 30 articles were selected as the most relevant articles.

 Control and management methods of aquatic weeds are different and include preventive actions, biological, mechanical, chemical, ecological control, and management through usage. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages, so their opting depends on the type of aquatic weed.

 The efficiency of each method depends on pollution level, specific conditions of each ecosystem, limitations of control method in terms of the negative effects of plant and animal species, national and regional laws and regulations, economic considerations and the type of water resource usage. In addition, utilizing a combination of methods in a sequence outperforms the use of solely just one method in removing and controlling aquatic weeds.