Investigating the performance of liposomal formulations ‎containing clove essential oil made by thin layer and heat method ‎in temperature and pH conditions similar to the mouth in order ‎to be used in the research of oral and dental diseases

Considering the problems of using medicinal plants in the treatment of diseases such as high volatility and non-targeted effects, and the role of nanotechnology in reducing these challenges, the present research was conducted with the aim of obtaining a nano formulation containing Clove essential oil for use in dental research. 4 liposomal formulations containing Clove essential oil were prepared using phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol by thin layer and heat methods separately. The encapsulation efficiency, size, polydispersity-index and zeta potential of nanoparticle (by zeta-sizer) were measured. In each of the manufacturing methods, a formulation that had suitable physicochemical parameters was selected in order to check the essential oil release pattern and the morphology of nanoparticles (by SEM). Also, the toxicity of nano-liposomes obtained from selected formulations was measured by MTT method on human fibroblast(HFF) cell line. The encapsulation efficiency, particle size and zeta potential for the selected formulation obtained from the thin layer method were 50.57%, 123.3nm and -18.6mV, respectively, and for the heat method, they were 55.43%, 121.4nm respectively and -19/2mV. The release of essential oil from the selected formulations was slow and continuous and dependent on pH. Nano-liposomes made by heat method caused less toxicity to HFF cell line compared to thin layer method. Considering the suitable physicochemical characteristics of nano-liposomes containing Clove essential oil and very low toxicity of nano-liposomes made by heat method for healthy HFF cells, these nano-liposomes can be suggested to further research in the field of oral and dental health.