Increasing Relationship between Water, Energy and Environment in a Solar Farm to Produce Fresh Water

This paper develops the concept of reducing environmental impact for the reverse osmosis (RO) system to increase the relationship between water, energy and environment in a solar farm. This concept is used in a RO system driven by an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) that generates power based on heat absorption from a solar field. In the power generation section, a new ORC and operating fluid configurations based on energy analysis (1E), exergy (2E), economic (3E) and environmental effects (4E) have been investigated in order to production of  fresh water. The basic parameters in the optimization are: the ORC configuration choice, selecting the working fluid of the organic Rankine cycle and determining the design parameters of a solar parabolic farm. These values have been determined according to the optimization of the system by genetic algorithm (GA) method. The results show that 12% reduction in environmental effects and 7.5% increase in the exergy efficiency are among the three-objective optimization effects.