Ecological Survey of Urban Plaza to Maintain and Improve Energy Consumption Management in Architecture

The purpose of this research is to investigate the ecological aspects of urban plazas in order to improve energy management and preserve it in architecture. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical. In the descriptive part of the research, the subject literature related to the urban plaza and the ecological approach has been discussed. In the analytical part, first, 47 ecological criteria effective in promoting energy management in the urban plaza have been identified and then sent to experts and analyzed through the Delphi method. In the third stage, according to the results of the Delphi method, using the structural analysis method and Mic Mac software, 21 influential factors were identified and then the driving forces were extracted. The results include 5 decisive and influential driving forces including: symmetry and closeness of nature with human habitat with a weight of 653, use of renewable energy with a weight of 588, protection of landscapes with a weight of 588, integration of architecture and green space with a weight of 571 and the use of ecological materials with a weight of 555 are directly effective on improving energy management using ecological criteria. Also, 6 risk driving forces include: energy management with a weight of 641, thermal insulation with a weight of 581, use of smart systems with a weight of 577, use of solar energy with a weight of 556 and efficiency in the use of clean energy with a weight of 550 They are indirectly effective on the conditions of the plaza to improve energy management through ecological criteria. In fact, for energy management in urban plazas with an ecological approach, 5 main driving forces should be considered in locating and designing the plaza, and 6 risk driving forces should be considered as secondary factors. According to the results of the system analysis, it can be said that the way the variables are distributed in the scatter plane indicates the instability of the system .