Conflict of human rights, Theory and Practice

When rights are recognized for people, but the simultaneous application of two rights causes damage to one or both rights, we face the problem of conflict of rights. There are three main approaches to solve such conflict: The first approach is to create meta-rules such as conflict resolution rules, which provide indicators to the public and finally to the judge to clearly understand the priority of one right over another. The three main forms of meta-rules are balancing, equilibrium and hierarchy. The second approach is to accept six criteria to resolve human rights conflicts, which have been used repeatedly by the European Court of Human Rights. From these six criteria, one or more criteria can be used depending on the situation governing the conflicting rights. The third approach is to apply the minimum restriction criterion. This means that any method that imposes the least amount of restrictions on two rights is the best method of conflict resolution. This article evaluates the possible solutions with a descriptive-analytical method by explaining the theories and relying on the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights.