Basics of civil responsibility of lawyers and judges in Iranian law

Liability means compensation for damage caused by a person's act or omission, which has resulted in harming the rights of another person. The pillars of responsibility include four pillars: 1- the person causing the damage (who is called the lawyer in the present case), 2- the victim (who is called the client in the present case), 3- the occurrence of the loss, 4- the existence of a causal relationship between the damage and the loss. Conductor (causing losses). Power of attorney is a contract by which one of the parties appoints the other party as his representative to do something. Contractual responsibility is the responsibility resulting from breach of promise by the obligee in any contract. Non-contractual liability is the compensation for damages caused by the non-contractual act or omission of a person whose act or omission leads to harming the rights of another person. The main bases of the lawyer's civil liability are 4 acts or omissions. 1- Failure to respect the interests of the client, 2- Disclosure of the client's secrets, 3- Refusal to submit an account during the period of representation, 4- Failure to return the property and documents of the client. Therefore, the main bases of civil responsibility in the material behavior of the judge are the judge's fault and the judge's mistake.