The pattern of promoting privatization in Iran's state-owned companies using institutional theory (case study: rubber production companies)

In the last few decades, privatization is one of the areas that has been discussed a lot and it is very necessary due to the many problems that are observed in the field of management and performance of public companies. Nevertheless, privatization should be done in the best way and considering all the internal factors of the companies and the variables of the institutional environment. Therefore, in this research, designing a model to promote privatization in Iran's state-owned companies by applying institutional theory has been considered. The current research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and is among mixed research. In the qualitative stage, the theme analysis method was used to identify the factors affecting the privatization of state-owned companies based on institutional theory. For this purpose, a semistructured interview was conducted with 23 experts who were selected purposefully. Based on the findings, 3 categories of forced homogeneity (handover process factors and support factors), imitative homogeneity (competitive factors and marketing factors) and normative homogeneity (environmental factors and economic factors) were identified. In the quantitative part, the test and validation of the research model was done with the confirmatory factor analysis method. For this purpose, 70 experts and experts in the field of privatization and handover of stateowned companies were asked for their opinions using a questionnaire. Based on the findings of factor analysis, all identified factors were confirmed. Also, the priority of the factors based on the calculated factor load is forced homomorphism, imitative homomorphism and normative homomorphism with values of 0.820, 0.801 and 0.788 respectively. The results of the research showed that the use of institutional theory in the field of privatization can be effective and create a better understanding of the factors affecting it.