Providing a Building Optimization Model to Counter the Negative Effects of Climate Change to Reduce Energy Consumption

Today, metropolises play a very important role in environmental pollution, increasing population is associated with increasing consumption of fossil fuels and energy resources, which increases greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. The effects of increasing greenhouse gases with the occurrence of greenhouse phenomena cause climate change. Due to the high energy loss in residential buildings, The purpose of this study is to select an appropriate solution to optimize the building and reduce energy consumption in this sector.

In this research, first, the annual energy consumption of a type of 8-storey residential building in Tabriz was simulated using Energy Plus software. Then, the annual energy consumption of the building was simulated with the weather conditions of two different climates of Yazd and Rasht to compare the energy consumption of the building in all 3 cities. Then, with JePlus simulation software, the energy consumption of different building modes (orientation, position, temperature, climate) was simulated in all 3 cities to study the behavior of the building in terms of energy consumption. Finally, the amount of heating and cooling energy consumption of the building was selected as the target functions and optimized by JePlus + EA software.

According to the variables defined in the input of JePlus software, 432 energy consumption modes were obtained for the building. And according to the selection of heating and cooling energy consumption of the building as target functions, optimization was done by JePlus + EA software. The optimization results showed that according to the same parameters considered for all three climates, building energy consumption in Rasht has decreased by 16%, Yazd by 14% and Tabriz by 12%.

The results showed that if the building is built in the right direction and position according to the type of climate and weather conditions (for sunlight, temperature, humidity, etc.) and the heating and cooling temperature inside the building is set to comfort, The energy consumption of the building is also significantly reduced As a result, the share of each building in the amount of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, which is the most effective gas in climate change, is reduced.