Adaptation of Cognition in Religious Knowledge and Contemporary Philosophy in the form of a Conceptual Model

The pursuit for the premises of cognition urges a systematic separation of ontological and epistemological considerations. On the other hand, both the mundane (collective intellect) and divine (revelation) imprints on cognition are to be taken into account, which suggests a comparative study based on the philosophy of mind and religion.Present article provides a two dimensional model to classify and compare these views. The horizontal and vertical axes of this model respectively present the ontological and epistemological stands. In the epistemological axis, three faculties of cognition, namely sense, intellect, and intuition are listed, whereas the ontological axis lists three aspects of being, appearance and function of cognitive data. This encompasses nine approaches of the modern philosophy (dialectical, speculative, critical, positivistic, scientific, phenomenological, existential, hermeneutical, and aesthetical) as well as nine mainstreams in religious wisdom (theologians, dialecticians, sophists, ascetics, juristic, sages, commentators, mystics, and sufis). Though each of these currents has been the subject of uncountable discussions and articles, one-to-one correspondence has never been done, and such a comprehensive overview provides a clear vision of the human approach to the category of knowledge.