Problematize of political thinking in the Middle East with an emphasis on Iran

Usually, sociopolitical changes in the Middle East are the result of the factual or erroneous thinking of thinkers and experts. Among the characteristics of thought in a specific meaning is that it has "normative and prescriptive" approaches and seeks to "solve issues and problems" or "progress" societies. One of the ways to understand the causes of problems and issues in the Middle East countries, including Iran, is to recognize the difficulties and problems of thinking. The problems of thinking in Middle East countries are multifaceted and complex. The issue and purpose of this article is to understand the difficulties and problems of thinking in Middle East countries. The main question of the article is that thoughts and thinking in Iran and similar Middle Eastern countries have what difficulties and problems related to thinkers. The article first explains the specific meaning of thought and thinking and its types and applications. Then three categories of difficulties and problems of thinking in Middle Eastern countries with an emphasis on Iran are discussed. The findings of the research reveals that political thinking in these countries suffer from three categories of problems and damages: First problems caused by the eclectic structure of thoughts, second, the problems directed to the type of attitude towards sociopolitical phenomena, and the problems arising from the cultural foundations of Middle Eastern societies