Shahid Sadr, Founder of Islamic Economy; Investigating the Position of Martyr Seyyed Mohammad Baqer Sadr in the History of Islamic Economic Thought

In recent decades, discussions have been raised about the foundation of Islamic economy. Some thinkers such as Abul Ali Maududi (1979-1903) have been introduced as the father of Islamic economics. Using an analytical-historical method, this paper examines such claims. According to the hypothesis of the article, Martyr Seyyed Mohammad Baqer Sadr (1935-1980) deserves the title of founder of Islamic economy due to the systematic design of Islamic economic thought. The findings of the article show that Shahid Sadr was among the first thinkers who introduced Islamic economic system against capitalist, socialist and mixed economic systems. While criticizing the philosophical foundations of the socialist and capitalist economic system, he criticizes their central ideas and introduces an alternative view of the Islamic economic system. He was one of the first researchers who compiled the operational model of banking without usury. Also, by introducing the discovery method, he improved the study area of Islamic economics philosophy and methodology.